Descripción de Chambal Ki Kassam (1980)Parmeshwar Rakhwalah Terah:

http://africanactivist.msu.edu/document_metadata.php?objectid=896 Mohandas Gandhi, The Community Church of New York & The American Committee on Africa View PDF by Bruce Southworth New York, New York 2008 Publisher: Africa Action Archive Project http://www.historicalvoices.org/pbuilder/pbfiles/Project39/Scheme361/african_activist_archive-a0b0k0-a_12419.pdf Elements of the freedom struggle in South Africa in the 1890s came to have enormous impact on The Community Church of New York in mid-town Manhattan during World War I and afterwards. Seeds planted would continue to bear fruit, including contributing to the creation of the American Committee on Africa (ACOA), whose advocacy and action helped shape U. S. opinion and policy in support of a free South Africa. Beginning in 1918, from the influential pulpit of The Community Church of New York and in numerous national publications, the Rev. John Haynes Holmes embraced Mohandas Gandhis pacifism and militant nonviolence. Gandhis South African experiences from 1893 to 1914 led him to develop his liberating tools for social protest and change, long before returning to India to lead the national independence movement there. Holmes became a leading proponent and American interpreter of Gandhis little known teachings, which led to a powerful friendship. His ministry also offered prophetic vision across a spectrum of social issues here and abroad with continuing inspiration. In the United States, Holmes pioneering and energetic support for Gandhi and the independence of India was deeply grounded in those struggles Gandhi led in South Africa. This initial introduction to Anglo-European oppression in Africa that influenced Holmes in 1918 provided a footing for new directions and direct engagement there in the 1950s. Rev. Bruce Southworth is Senior Minister of The Community Church of New York Unitarian Universalist. The Community Church has a long history of supporting African struggles. In 1952 Rev. Harrington joined George Houser in founding Americans for South African Resistance which became the American Committee on Africa (ACOA) in 1953, initially operating out of an office at The Community Church. For many years, Rev. Harrington served as Chair of the ACOA Executive Board and joined the National Committee in the 1970s. ACOA events held at The Community Church include ACOA's 25th anniversary celebration in 1978; A Tribute to George Houser in 1981; and the unique 1990 National Activist Briefing at which Nelson Mandela, on his first visit to the U.S. after his release from prison, met with activists from 49 cities and 29 states to thank them for their solidarity, outline the tasks that still lay ahead, and introduce key members of his ANC delegation to encourage even closer continuing co-operation. The Community Church was a core member of ACOA's Religious Action Network (RAN), working against apartheid. Rev. Bruce Southworth participated in numerous RAN meetings and delegations including a delegation of religious leaders to South Africa after the release of Nelson Mandela in 1990.